Purpose of storyboards
The purpose of a storyboard is that it will help a producer visualise their ideas before the product is made. Storyboards also allow the producer to experiment and play around with ideas, this can be anything from camera angles to sound output that will be in the film. With these, the crew involved in production will be able to visualise their ideas to see if they work and fit in with the producers ideas, this is both post production and camera crew.
Technical details
The technical details of a film is the shot types. These shot types are:
- Master shot
- Long shot
- Medium shot
- Close up
- Extreme close up
The role of a producer is to evaluate what shot would be best at each given time, see below in the first storyboard, the illustrator varies from a long shot, to an extreme close up as it would suit the particular scene. After they have illustrated the shot, the producer will then take camera movement into account, to see what shot is needed in the given time frame.
Storyboard purpose
The purpose of storyboards is to save time and money on shooting and finding the right requirements for the movie. Once the storyboard is complete, the film will have coverage in the right places, transitional moments and the aesthetic will be slicker. The camera shot sketches make for a more consistent shoot if its executed the way the storyboard says.
The above storyboard is an example of a film storyboard which goes into all the details needed. First of all, like all storyboards, they need to follow a flow of scenes as they know what order to go in when in production. Therefore the scene of the character playing the piano solo will follow on from the scene where the character is walking past the follow sign. The next thing to analyse from this particular film storyboard is the shot type underneath the photo. This is to familiarise the camera crew of what specific shot to use at each given time, for example in the first shot they will be using a pan and follow shot. The purpose is to inform the camera crew the exact shot they will need at each time so that the shot will pan out smoothly. The next feature in this storyboard is the action. The purpose of this is to inform those on set what action needs to be carried out and that given moment. Without this feature, those on set may get confused as to what action was meant to be carried out if they didn't know beforehand, therefore this is an important feature. The next feature is the timing. Again, this feature is important as the camera crew will know how long the scene lasts for, so they know when to stop filming and cut the scene. If a cameraman didn't know before how long the scene lasted, then they may not know how long the scene lasts, therefore this will make the camera crew extra sure before filming. The final detail is the edit/ sound section. This section is vital to those who do the post production work, such as the editing. If the post production editor was unsure what sound was to be added, then the storyboard would tell them what to add. So in the case of the first scene, the post production editor would have to add a humming sound, and in the second scene it would be a piano sound. The overall effect of this is to inform the post production and the camera crew what is needed and when so that the film is produced to its maximum potential. This differs from any other storyboard i.e a radio or video game as this has everything needed for its type. For example, it has all the camera techniques needed for the shot to be as accurate as possible, and it has everything needed from post production to make the scene pan out perfectly.
The next storyboard is the radio storyboard. This storyboard will differ from any other storyboard as it doesn't show off any image, simply because it is not on screen and in front of a camera. The first thing to take from this storyboard is the first section, the timings section, which is labelled 'temps'. This section is vital in the storyboard as it will signal what will need to be said at each given time. So for example, the first 2 pieces of speech in this radio broadcast will come in the 6th and 10th second. This is vital for the person who'll be using this storyboard as a brief, to know what has to be said and when. The middle column will be the ideas and script section. This section goes hand in hand with the first two sections simply because it tells the person who'll be speaking, at what given time and what they will be saying or what the topic is based on. This is vital because it gives the reader all the information they need to know at each given time. The next section is the music section. This particular section is vital to those who work on pre production of the broadcast to make sure its perfect. This could be a jingle or any music type, however, those working on this will need to know what sounds to add and when to make sure it sound perfect. Also with this it needs to be edited perfectly, so that it doesn't go overboard and overlap the broadcast. The final section is the participants section, of those who will be participating in the broadcast. This section is vital because everyone on set will know the role they're playing and when they're playing it. So for example, the full storyboard sketch would have the names by the side of the time and speech so they know exactly what they're saying at what time and who they'll be following on from. This storyboard is effective because it has everything it needs in writing. With a radio storyboard, it wouldn't need images and sketches as its not done in front of a camera, therefore it isn't necessary. With this storyboard it's straight to the point, everyone on set will know their roles and when to participate and know what to say and when. Those who work behind the scenes on pre production know what sounds to add and they will know when to add them. This makes this storyboard massively effective and the effect of this is that everyone knows their role.
The next storyboard is the video game storyboard. This storyboard may look like a visual storyboard, i.e. a film storyboard or something similar. This storyboard differs from a movie, first of all as it doesn't involve camera angles which would be involved in a film storyboard that was seen above. It also doesn't feature the timing of an event, like the film storyboard does. However, this storyboard does include every action that is needed. For example, this scene includes a man standing on the hill, with a helicopter approaching him. The event analysis is vital for the production of the game as the production team will implement this into the game as well as the graphics and everything else needed to be included. So for example, this whole scene will go into great detail about what happens and when, and how the story pans out. So for another game, for example Super Mario Bros. the storyboard will include actions for example Mario stepping on a mushroom and what the output will be. For example the above storyboards game will output a helicopter approaching and passing by the character in the above video game, as well as a view from inside the helicopters cockpit. The other vital part of this storyboard is the audio section. This section is vital as it tells those on post production what sounds they need to apply to the video game with edits and foley sounds and what they need to order an actor to say. So for example, in the final clip, the helicopter pilot would have to shout 'requesting permission to engage MECH Unit7', we know this because the storyboard clearly details the speech that needs to be said at each given time. As for the foley sounds, in the 4th clip, a helicopter passes above, meaning this designer would make a sound dedicated to this particular action, as in the 3rd clip, you would hear the weapons screeching. This storyboard is effective as it goes into great detail what is needed for each particular scene and camera cut. For example with every action there is a sound that is required with it, whether it be foley or an actor, it gives the post producer every detail that they will need, without giving details they don't need. They don't add camera angles and shooting times as games are drafted through sketch, meaning the angles are already given in the pictures, whereas in a film storyboard, many scenes will go on for a certain amount of time and will need to give a certain camera angle that will be used to the camera crew as well as the length of the shot, whereas in a video game, each scene is done by sketch before hand.
The next storyboard is the music video storyboard, this particular storyboard differs from any other storyboard as it has a lack of words. This is because the general storyboard for a music video tends to be the ideas generated and not the final product like a movie and video games. With a music video, the producers will have plenty of visions in their head and will only be able to execute one, whereas in a movie and video game, their rough ideas will already have been done and the storyboard is the finished product. Also, this differentiates from any other storyboard as it doesn't have any sound output, as the opposed to the others from a video game and a movie storyboard. This is because the sound output in a music video, is the actual music itself, whereas in said storyboards, they would have to create foley sounds and use actors for their voices to create the effects and speech. In a music video this is irrelevant as the sound is already there. The effectiveness of this storyboard is that it gives the producer the perfect idea, the sketches go into great detail about each scene of the video, and if they were to use this, they would know exactly what shots to use. It doesn't use irrelevant details like sound output as music videos don't need any sound other than the music playing.
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